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Member:sungbeanJo_GG [2020/11/24 19:53]
sungbean 		Member:sungbeanJo_GG [2020/11/24 20:25] (current)
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-INTRODUCTION +The trial has successfully demonstrated ROSEN’s 
-Maintaining a minimum ​depth of cover is recognized as +methodology to estimate the depth of cover over 
-a key means of mitigation against third-party interference. The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators’ +pipelines. This includes producing an accurate 
-Association (UKOPA) good practice guide for managing +pipeline centreline from data obtained during a 
-pipelines ​with reduced depth of cover [1] states that the +routine internal inspection, combined ​with ground 
-best way of determining pipeline ​depth of cover is to +elevation data available from the Environment 
-take measurements as part of an over-line survey. ​The +Agency (EA) to calculate ​depth of cover. 
-guide recommends measurements should be taken at +• The results ​of the calculation ​have been validated 
-50 m intervals but this should be modified depending +against infield ​depth of cover measurements obtained using a pipe and cable locator. The accuracy 
-on topography ​of the land and any known local issues +of the depth of cover results has been calculated 
-such as ground erosion. +using a root mean square ​(RMS) error method. This 
-ROSEN Group (ROSEN) and National Grid Gas Transmission (NGGT) ​have trialed a new methodology to +has determined an overall accuracy of ±0.15 m using EA LiDAR data. 
-identify reduced ​depth of cover over an entire pipeline. +• Infield ground surface measurements were compared with the EA LiDAR and OS Terrain ​data. A 
-Knowledge ​of the locations of reduced ​depth of cover can help NGGT reduce the likelihood of third party +
-interference events occurring. +
-METHODOLOGY +
-ground elevation data +
-Ground elevation data can be collected ​using several +
-methods. Accurate data for small areas can be collected using differential global positioning system ​(DGPS) +
-survey equipment. To capture ground elevation ​data on a +
-larger scale, a LiDAR sensor can be attached to aircraft. +
-LiDAR is a +
-remote sensing +
-method which +
-uses laser light +
-to measure +
-distance to +
-a target ​and +
-is commonly +
-used to map +
-terrain and surface objects. +
-The advantage +
-of this method +
-is that a large +
-amount of +
-highly accurate +
-data can be +
-collected allowing large areas +
-to be surveyed +
-efficiently. +
-internal insPeCtion +
-Standards for operating high pressure pipelines require +
-that the condition of a pipeline is established periodically. The condition is established by the use of internal ​+

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